All 56 compounds in the index — mechanism, evidence base, dosing science and regulatory status. Educational reference only.
Body Protection Compound-157
Synthetic stable pentadecapeptide (15 amino acids) derived from a partial sequence of a protein found in human gastric juice. Modu…
30Thymosin Beta-4 fragment (synthetic)
Synthetic version of the active region of Thymosin Beta-4, a naturally occurring actin-sequestering peptide. Promotes cell migrati…
30Semaglutide (GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist. Enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppresses glucagon, s…
25Tirzepatide (dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist)
Dual agonist of GIP and GLP-1 receptors. Combines incretin pathways to improve insulin secretion and sensitivity, reduce appetite,…
25Copper Tripeptide-1 (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine : Copper)
Naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide present in plasma (declines with age). Stimulates collagen and glycosaminoglycan syn…
25Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide
Essential coenzyme central to redox reactions, mitochondrial energy production, and substrate for sirtuins and PARPs. Cellular lev…
15CJC-1295 (with or without DAC — Drug Affinity Complex)
Synthetic growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analogue. Stimulates pituitary GH release. The DAC variant binds albumin for ext…
15Ipamorelin (selective GH secretagogue)
Selective ghrelin-receptor (GHS-R) agonist / growth-hormone secretagogue. Stimulates pulsatile GH release with minimal effect on c…
15Retatrutide (GIP/GLP-1/glucagon triple agonist)
Triple receptor agonist (GIP, GLP-1, glucagon). Adds glucagon-receptor agonism to increase energy expenditure alongside appetite r…
15Bremelanotide (PT-141)
Synthetic cyclic melanocortin receptor agonist (primarily MC4R), a metabolite of Melanotan II. Acts centrally in the hypothalamus…
15Ibutamoren (MK-677)
Orally active non-peptide ghrelin-receptor agonist / GH secretagogue. Increases GH and IGF-1 with sustained (non-pulsatile) elevat…
15Melanotan II (MT-II)
Synthetic non-selective melanocortin receptor agonist. Stimulates melanogenesis (MC1R) producing skin tanning; also has appetite a…
15Epitalon / Epithalamin (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly)
Synthetic tetrapeptide based on the pineal peptide epithalamin. Reported to upregulate telomerase activity and modulate melatonin/…
25Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1)
28-amino-acid peptide derived from prothymosin alpha. Immunomodulatory: enhances T-cell maturation/function, dendritic-cell and NK…
15Mitochondrial Open-reading-frame of the Twelve S rRNA-c
Mitochondrial-derived peptide encoded in the 12S rRNA region of mitochondrial DNA. Acts on AMPK and folate-methionine pathways to…
18Semax (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro; ACTH(4-10) analogue)
Synthetic heptapeptide analogue of ACTH(4-10) without corticotropic activity. Increases BDNF/NGF expression, modulates dopaminergi…
15Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide
Endogenous nonapeptide first isolated from rabbit brain during slow-wave sleep induction. Proposed modulation of sleep architectur…
12Selank (Thr-Lys-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly-Pro; tuftsin analogue)
Synthetic heptapeptide analogue of the immunopeptide tuftsin. Modulates GABA/serotonin systems, BDNF expression, and enkephalin me…
12AOD-9604 (Anti-Obesity Drug 9604; hGH fragment 176-191)
Modified C-terminal fragment of human growth hormone (residues 176-191). Proposed to stimulate lipolysis and inhibit lipogenesis w…
15Sermorelin (GHRH 1-29)
Synthetic analogue of the first 29 amino acids of GHRH (the active fragment). Stimulates pituitary GH release; historically used a…
20Tesamorelin (stabilised GHRH analogue)
Synthetic stabilised analogue of human growth-hormone-releasing hormone. Stimulates endogenous GH and IGF-1; clinically reduces vi…
12Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide-2 (Pralmorelin)
Synthetic GH secretagogue (GHS-R agonist). Stimulates GH release; also raises appetite, cortisol, and prolactin to a moderate degr…
12KPV (Lys-Pro-Val; alpha-MSH C-terminal tripeptide)
C-terminal tripeptide of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Anti-inflammatory via NF-kB pathway modulation; studied in colitis/…
12Gonadorelin (synthetic GnRH)
Synthetic form of GnRH. Pulsatile administration stimulates physiologic LH/FSH; continuous administration paradoxically downregula…
18Elamipretide (SS-31 / MTP-131)
Mitochondria-targeted tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin on the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilising cristae and improving e…
20Kisspeptin (Kisspeptin-10 / metastin)
Hypothalamic peptide that stimulates GnRH release via the KISS1R receptor — a master regulator of the reproductive axis (LH/FSH).…
10Dihexa (N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide)
Angiotensin IV analogue / HGF-c-Met pathway modulator. Reported to potently promote synaptogenesis (preclinically) — orders of mag…
15Hexarelin (GHRP; Examorelin)
Synthetic hexapeptide growth-hormone-releasing peptide (GHS-R agonist). Potent GH release; also has CD36-mediated cardioprotective…
20LL-37 (Cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, hCAP18 fragment)
The sole human cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide. Broad-spectrum antimicrobial via membrane disruption, plus immunomodula…
15Humanin (mitochondrial-derived peptide)
24-amino-acid mitochondrial-derived peptide with cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, and metabolic-regulatory effects; signals via a t…
20Cerebrolysin (porcine-brain-derived peptide preparation)
Mixture of low-molecular-weight neuropeptides and free amino acids derived from purified porcine brain protein; proposed neurotrop…
10FOXO4-DRI (D-retro-inverso FOXO4 peptide; senolytic)
D-retro-inverso peptide that disrupts the FOXO4–p53 interaction in senescent cells, selectively triggering apoptosis of senescent…
12Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide-6
Synthetic GH secretagogue (GHS-R agonist). Strong GH release plus pronounced appetite stimulation; moderate cortisol/prolactin eff…
10PE-22-28 (spadin analogue; TREK-1 channel blocker)
Synthetic peptide derived from the sortilin propeptide; blocks TREK-1 potassium channels, an antidepressant target with rapid-acti…
8Long R3 Insulin-like Growth Factor-1
Modified IGF-1 analogue with an Arg3 substitution and N-terminal extension that markedly reduces binding to IGF-binding proteins,…
18Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
Glycoprotein hormone that acts as an LH analogue at the LH/CG receptor, stimulating gonadal steroidogenesis (testicular testostero…
15Follistatin-344
Glycoprotein that binds and neutralises myostatin (and other TGF-beta family members), removing the brake on muscle growth in prec…
75-Amino-1-methylquinolinium (NNMT inhibitor)
Small-molecule inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) — not a peptide. Preclinically increases cellular NAD+ and SAM…
12Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (LHRH)
Decapeptide hypothalamic releasing hormone that drives pituitary LH/FSH secretion in a pulsatile manner; basis of the gonadotropin…
20Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4, full 43-residue peptide)
Endogenous 43-amino-acid actin-sequestering peptide. Promotes cell migration, angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis, and modulates inflamma…
18Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide
28-amino-acid neuropeptide with vasodilatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory actions via VPAC1/VPAC2 receptors; studied i…
20Oxytocin
Nine-amino-acid hypothalamic/posterior-pituitary peptide hormone. Uterotonic and lactation roles peripherally; centrally modulates…
10ACE-031 (ACVR2B-Fc; soluble activin receptor)
Soluble form of activin receptor type IIB fused to an Fc domain; acts as a ligand trap for myostatin/activin, increasing muscle ma…
0Thymosin Beta-4 fragment (Ac-SDKP / AcSDKP, N-terminal tetrapeptide)
N-terminal tetrapeptide of Thymosin Beta-4 (Ac-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro). Anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory; inhibits collagen deposition…
12ARA-290 (Cibinetide; erythropoietin-derived peptide)
11-amino-acid peptide derived from the helix-B region of erythropoietin. Activates the innate-repair receptor (EPOR/CD131) for tis…
6SLU-PP-332 (pan-ERR agonist; 'exercise mimetic')
Small-molecule pan-agonist of estrogen-related receptors (ERR) — not a peptide. Preclinically upregulates mitochondrial biogenesis…
12Thymulin (zinc-dependent thymic nonapeptide)
Zinc-dependent thymic hormone (nonapeptide) involved in T-cell differentiation and immune regulation; has neuroendocrine and anti-…
8P21 (Cintirorgon-class; ciliary-neurotrophic-factor-mimetic peptide)
Synthetic peptidomimetic designed to mimic ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) activity, reported preclinically to promote neurogen…
8PNC-27 (p53-derived membrane-disrupting peptide)
Peptide containing a p53-derived domain plus a membrane-resident-peptide segment; reported preclinically to selectively form membr…
0SNAP-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3)
Topical octapeptide cosmetic ingredient; an elongated analogue of Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-3) that competes with SNAP-25 in…
10Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 / Pal-KTTKS)
Topical lipopeptide cosmetic active; the palmitoylated matrikine fragment signals fibroblasts to upregulate collagen and extracell…
8Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-3 / -8)
Topical cosmetic hexapeptide that mimics the N-terminal of SNAP-25, modulating SNARE-complex assembly to soften dynamic expression…
10Tesofensine (triple monoamine reuptake inhibitor)
Small molecule (not a peptide) — inhibits reuptake of noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin; investigated for obesity via appetit…
12Cagrilintide (long-acting amylin analogue)
Long-acting amylin receptor agonist. Slows gastric emptying and promotes satiety; investigated alone and combined with semaglutide…
8Survodutide (GLP-1/glucagon dual agonist)
Dual agonist of glucagon and GLP-1 receptors; investigated for obesity and MASH (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis)…
0Reference note — SARMs (e.g. LGD-4033, RAD-140) excluded
SARMs (selective androgen receptor modulators) are frequently sold alongside research peptides but are non-peptide small molecules…